Justice Is More Powerful Than Injustice - 1255 Words

In Book I of the Republic, Plato examines whether injustice is more profitable than justice. Thrasymachus claims that statement to be true so Socrates sets out to show that justice is stronger and more powerful than injustice. Also, that a just person is happy while an unjust person is unhappy. Socrates establishes right before with Thrasymachus that injustice is wisdom and virtue while injustice is ignorance. From this, Socrates believes it will be easily shown that justice is stronger. In this paper, I will begin by examining Socrates’ weaker argument that says a just person is happy. Here, he claims that the virtue of a soul is justice, and the soul has multiple functions that can only be performed well through justice. However, this†¦show more content†¦You would not use a carving knife or any other kind to prune a vine. Rather you would use a pruning knife because that is what it does best—pruning. Socrates articulates that everything that has a function h as a virtue. The eyes and ears have a function, therefore they have a virtue as well. Now, the eye cannot perform its function well—seeing, without its virtue. Deprived of this virtue it will perform badly. Likewise, the ear and pruning knife cannot perform their function well without their particular virtue. Also, they perform badly by means of their vice—the opposite of what allows them to perform well. Socrates furthers the argument by stating the same could be said for anything else (353d). From this, Socrates applies the idea of functions and virtues to the soul. The soul has a function so it equally has a virtue. Socrates states that the function of the soul is â€Å"taking care of things, ruling, deliberating, and the like†¦ (353d).† He also says that living is the function of the soul. The virtue of the soul allows it to perform these functions well and deprived of it, badly. Likewise, a bad soul rules and takes care of things badly while a good one does not (353e). The virtue of the soul is justice. Therefore, if something performs its function well by means of its virtue, then the soul will perform living and the other functions, such as taking care of things, well through justice. The

Essay about Karl Marx and a Capitalist Society - 764 Words

Karl Marx and a Capitalist Society Through out history money, wealth and capital have dictated a way of life to the masses. Wealth dictated the lives that the rich lived and the lives of the poor that worked for and surrounded them. In some cultures your class could never be escaped in life, you had to wait for your next incarnation, while in other cultures the idea of wealth transcended a life and allowed for growth from one class to another. This is the reality of a capitalist society that was first discussed by Karl Marx in the 19th century. When Karl Marx first penned his shaping works on communism, he assumed that the relationship between workers and capital would always be opposing. While most rejected his overall theories,†¦show more content†¦The processes in which the two classes were formed and the setting in which they presently exist have molded their thinking and the products of their thinking. In other words, the human nature of the members of both classes is largely shaped by their positions within the two groups. Given the conformist nature of the human person, considerable light may be thrown upon the major features of Marxs reality by means of an investigation of the types of human nature that he assigned in this economic theory. In Marxs capitalist reality, division of labor is a necessary condition for commodity production. This division attacks the individual/worker class at the very root of their life so that they are converted into a crippled being. By the process in which they are crippled they experiences acute alienation, which defines them forever. The alienation according to Marx has several dimensions. In the first, the worker is estranged not only from the act of production, but also from the products of his labor. Next, because the workers activities belong to another, namely the capitalist, the worker translates this separation as a loss of his self. Which abstractly means that he is estranging himself from himself through the act of production. In the last form, the alienation takes the form of estrangement of one man to another man. Partly because the division of labor creates a hierarchical structure amongShow MoreRelatedThe Communist Manifesto And Das Kapital1507 Words   |  7 PagesKarl M arx A German philosopher, economist, journalist and revolutionary scientist, Marx was best known for his work in economics. He laid the foundations for today s theories of labor and capital. The Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital were among the most famous of his published works. Born to a middle-class family in Trier, Prussia in 1818, his parents were Jewish, but converted to Christianity in 1816 due to strict anti- Jewish laws. He was baptized as a Christian at the age of six but laterRead MoreKarl Marx s Theory Of Alienation Essay1686 Words   |  7 PagesSociologist Karl Marx concentrated deeply on economic problems and related these matters to social issues. For example, when Marx examined capitalism in the labour sector he came to the conclusion that it drove workers to feel alienated from the product, themselves and those surrounding them. This essay will firstly give a brief overview of industrial capitalism and discuss Karl Marx’s early life and how he came up with the theory of alienation through his influences and life experiences. SecondlyRead MoreKarl Marx: Conflict Theory Essay878 Words   |  4 PagesKarl Marx: Conflict Theory The most influential socialist thinker from the 19th century is Karl Marx. Karl Marx can be considered a great philosopher, social scientist, historian or revolutionary. Marx proposed what is known as the conflict theory. The conflict theory looks at how certain social interactions occur through conflict. People engage in conflict everyday to gain more power then others in society. Karl Marx is known for studying the conflicts that occur between different classes. KarlRead MoreKarl Marx : Modern World History1103 Words   |  5 Pagesuprisings that force oppressors to alter the current problem. Karl Marx’s ideas and claims caused constant innovation in the theory of communism. However, he was extremely underappreciated during his lifetime and was later recognized during the Russian revolution years after his d eath. Therefore, Karl Marx became a revolutionary after his death in 1883. Karl Heinrich Marx was the oldest of nine children born to Heinrich and Henrietta Marx in Trier, Prussia. His father was a successful lawyer who admiredRead MoreKarl Marx s Class Theory1687 Words   |  7 PagesKarl Marx’s class theory rests on the presumptions that each society in existence emanates from the history of class struggles. In line with this perception, from the time human society came forth from its primitive as well as relatively indistinctive state it has stayed categorized between classes which conflict in the pursuit of class interests. In the capitalist world, for instance, the factor which is the just but the nuclear cell as regards the capitalist system, becomes the key antagonism locusRead MoreMarxs Claim on Religion: Explanation, Analysis, and Problem1088 Words   |  4 Pagesthe past few years, Karl Marx has been increasingly incorporated in general sociology though his ideas are briefly mentioned or totally ignored in certain specialties in the soc iological field. One of the major sociological specialties where Marxs ideas have been briefly mentioned is the sociology of religion. The sociology of religion only consists of few references to Marxs concepts and views though he accorded much significance to religion. Regardless of the minimal use, Marx made several claimsRead MoreKarl Marx : A German Influential Philosopher And One Of The Intellectual Fathers Of Communism1477 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx is known to be a German influential philosopher and one of the intellectual fathers of communism, writing when the industrial revolution and imperialism period was changing the nature of both the economies of individual nations and the global economy itself. He eradicated his view on the effects these changes had on individual workers and society. This introduced many of his theories, one of which was the idea of alienated labor. Alienated labor was written in 1844, Marx sets the view thatRead MoreAdam Smith And Karl Marx1055 Words   |  5 PagesDerek Ding Economy Ms. Walsh Period D Adam Smith and Karl Marx Adam Smith and Karl Marx are famous for their influential and prominent theories about economics. Two difference thoughts indeed are contributions that can change the world. In Adam Smith s â€Å"Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations†, he introduced an idea where producers work in ways they want and get paid by how much work they put in. In other words, they can set up prizes that they thinkRead MoreWhy Karl Marx Thought Communism was the Ideal Political Party716 Words   |  3 PagesWhy Karl Marx Thought Communism was the Ideal Political Party Karl Marx was brought up in a Jewish community and society in his early years. His father was a lawyer, although he was descended from a long line of rabbis. As opportunities for Jews decreased Karl Marxs father, Herschel, decided to convert from Jewish to Lutheranism, which was the Prussian states religion. The Marx family was very liberal and often held intellectual conversations and was introduced to a lotRead MoreWhy Marx s Social Theory Place So Much Emphasis On Class Conflict And The Economic Aspects Of Society? Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesdoes Marx s social theory place so much emphasis on class conflict and the economic aspects of society? Karl Marx is one of the most influential and revolutionary philosopher, economist and sociologist of the 19th century. His thoughts not only shaped our understandings of the capitalistic world but also created a new system of social organization, communism. His ideology also defined the key political figures of the cold war period such as Stalin, Mao and Castro. Without Marx, the

Disaster framework Free Essays

This paper discusses the importance of national framework for disaster management to the managers involved. It also describes how the national framework is based and implemented at all levels of government. We will write a custom essay sample on Disaster framework or any similar topic only for you Order Now The framework is an essential document to managers because it gives them the guidelines, structures and procedures by which they can adopt at given level and situation. IMPORTANCE OF NATIONAL DISASTE FRAMEWORK The National Response Framework (NRF) is a guide in which the nation uses to conduct response to hazards within a defined structure and which aligns the roles and responsibilities of government management levels, private sector organizations and Non Governmental organizations. The NRF has an objective of managing hazards and incidents that may impact individuals and businesses (Homeland, 2008). The response initiated will be to quickly deal with saving of lives, protect property, and protect environment and provision of basic humanitarian needs (Homeland, 2008) The framework is a work document for leaders in all levels of government together with executives and leaders of private sector and NGOs. This is based on shared responsibilities that require commitment from federal government and lower level governmental heads to be able to plan for response incase of emergency needs. The NRF is composed of main document, emergency support function (ESF), support annexes, incident annexes and partner guides. The ESF involves resources and capabilities needed in order for the operations to succeed such as transport, firefighting services, and medical services (Homeland, 2008). Support annexes include needed resources on day to day operations such as finances, manpower, donations and coordination with private sector. Partner guides are essential in defining the role and actions of leaders engaged in the emergency operations. For effective response of an emergency need, the framework gives detailed account of the specificity of dealing with the emergency guided by the National Incident Management System (NIMS) which has standard commands and management structures essential in application during response operations. The NIMS calls for effective response using leaders’ capabilities, individuals and households. It teaches basic understanding of one’s roles and responsibilities. The NIMS guides leaders in designing plans, assessments and exercise at particular level, it also provides the needed resources and information collection. Each organization is able to define its roles and function within its area of operation and ensure efficiency (Homeland, 2008). The main levels in which the framework implements its response activities include local government, private sector/NGOs, states or territories and federal government. At lower level the local government’s leaders mobilize communities, NGOs and private sector to be engaged in arresting an incident within their area of operation. Leaders have a mandate to give leadership roles, protect and take care of the welfare of its people. The private sector on the other hand has a duty to protect and provide for its employees. While NGOs provide in depth knowledge, outreach services and support services (Homeland, 2008). The states have similar responsibilities but on larger scale than local governments. They have to coordinate private sector, NGOs and other assistance from other states, territories and tribal governments. The federal government is responsible for coordinating for resources under request of states governor. It has mandate to mobilize federal resources and federal capabilities under the leadership of secretary for homeland security (Homeland, 2008). The NIMS framework is designed in such way that it can be adapted at any level of government operations dealing with disaster. The framework also explains in detail the actions to be taken during the response activity. The framework has an enormous task of providing structures at national level where policies and operational procedures are coordinated. These procedures can be implemented during operation because there is room for initiativeness and innovation. The aim is to accelerate the mechanisms for assessing the situation and reporting the incidents. The framework does erase the national coordination of response on large scale through presidential declaration. However, its activities remain in principle hence a more manageable and effective emergency response. (National Academies, 2007) The disaster response framework outlines the essential core part of its operation which defines the operational concepts duties and functions with an objective of protecting lives and property. This is based on five main principles for an effective response. These include ) Partnership engagement where leaders communicate to partners and vigorously support each other by setting up goals and capabilities together. The process thus emphasizes on need for progressive and continuous flow of information that will build on sustainable and improved service operation. Partnership will help the response unit to identify personnel, train them and acquire equipments for emergency operations in advance before the incident occurs. These will also help in effective coordination ((Homeland, 2008; Tierney, Lindell, Perry, 2001) ) Response can also be based on particular tier. This is when management of emergency is specifically handled within the jurisdiction it arises i. e. by local leaders and communities depending on its magnitude (Homeland, 2008). c) The response must also adapt to change in its size of incident, scope of the incident and complexity of the incident hence the need for discipline and effective coordination of resources. d) The framework utilizes the understanding of unity and unified command in the process of on scene operations. These entail common application of effort and respect for the chain of command hence the use of Incident Command System and NIMS structural format. e) The act of readiness is emphasized in the framework which recommends that in order to have effective and successful operations, all individuals involved must be ready to participate and understand risks associated with the operation. This will therefore mean the leaders must establish good working relationships, train the communities on risk and safety measures and ensure effective application of the safety guidelines. The framework describes the roles and responsibilities of different level of government management giving the broad spectrum of understanding them as basis of separation of duties to eliminate cases of overlapping and duplication of roles. Understanding these roles help managers to be prepared for disaster response actions. These are †¢ Local government is responsible for mobilizing communities for a course of action led by its leaders that are supposed to offer guidance, resources, emergency management and policy, laws and budget adjustment necessary for disaster response operation. Palen, Hiltz, Liu, 2007; Homeland, 2008). †¢ Private sector and Non Governmental organization are called upon to provide and protect the welfare of its employees. Participate in planning, developing, collaborating and responding to emergency operations. The NGOs are resourceful in provision of services like identification of shelter and supplies location, provide food, shelter and clothing as well as provide information of victims who need help and coordinate assistance (Homeland, 2008). States, territories and other governments have a responsibility of supplementing and supporting the course of action taken by local governments through coordinating state resources, pass information to stakeholders and coordinate efforts from other neighboring states (Homeland, 2008). †¢ The federal government is responsible for coordinating emergency response from the national level. It is usually led by the president coordinated from the office of Homeland domestic security. The office coordinates activities of other departmental organization affiliated to the emergency such as Incident management, FEMA, Law enforcement, National defence and support of civil authorities, international coordination, intelligence and federal department agencies (Homeland, 2008). The frame work thus gives details necessary for disaster managers to act when responding to disasters. These response actions include preparedness, response and recovery after the incident. In this case, preparedness involves issues like planning, organizing, training, equipping, exercising, evaluating and improving on the response initiatives based on the experiences learnt. Response deals with structural awareness, activation and availing of resources coordination and demobilization. Lastly the recovery plan will be put in place to meet the short term and long term needs for victims (Homeland, 2008). A disaster framework is helpful to managers because they give them the structures by which they will implement national policies and operations at all levels. This is coordinated and integrated by the NIMS. The system emphasizes the need for managers to be conversant with planning which is essential in effective disaster response. CONCLUSION To sum up the national framework is important to disaster managers because it is designed in such way that they can be implemented at any level. The understanding of roles by leaders in a particular sector if significant in effective management of emergency . The national framework works through legal mechanisms that are coordinated at federal level and adopted at all levels of government management. Hence the need for cooperation and support between the public, government, private sector and NGOs How to cite Disaster framework, Papers